Tag: Social Robot

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The Next Social Robots Module

The elective module “Soziale Roboter” (“Social Robots”) by Prof. Dr. Oliver Bendel will be held again from April 15 to 17, 2025 at the FHNW in Olten. It is primarily aimed at prospective information systems specialists, but prospective business economists can also take part. Dr. Amol Deshmukh has been invited as a guest speaker. He previously worked for the University of Glasgow and now conducts research at ETH Zurich. In his lecture, he will present the findings from his paper “Leveraging Social Robots to Promote Hand Hygiene: A Cross-Cultural and Socio-Economic Study of Children in Diverse School Settings”. Unitree Go2, Alpha Mini, Cozmo, Vector, Aibi, Furby and Booboo from Oliver Bendel’s private Social Robots Lab will also be on site. Social Robotics Girl, a so-called GPT who specializes in this topic, will be available as a tutor throughout the event. Basic works are “Soziale Roboter” (2021) and “300 Keywords Soziale Robotik” (2021). At the end of the elective module, students design social robots – also with the help of generative AI – that they find useful, meaningful, or simply attractive. The elective modules have been offered since 2021 and are very popular.

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Trump is Guarded by Spot

Spot from Boston Dynamics is the latest tool in the arsenal of the US Secret Service. This was reported by the BBC on November 17, 2024. The robot was recently spotted patrolling the perimeter of President-elect Donald Trump’s Mar-a-Lago resort in Palm Beach, Florida. As the video on the website shows, they do not carry weapons; “and each can be controlled remotely or automatically – as long as its route is pre-programmed”. Passers-by are warned by a sign on each of Spot’s legs that reads, “DO NOT PET”. “I don’t know that anyone would be tempted to pet these robot dogs. They do not look cuddly,” Melissa Michelson, a political scientist at Menlo College, told the BBC. Oliver Bendel, an expert in social robotics at the FHNW School of Business, disagrees. He has been working with Unitree Go2, which is half the weight and smaller than SPOT but otherwise comparable, since 2023. “The students are initially amazed or shocked when they see it. After a minute or two, their doubts are dispelled and they try to lure it in and stroke it.” A robot like Spot is well suited to an estate like Mar-a-Lago. However, models such as K5 from Knightscope or RBwatcher from Robotnik/URG can also be used on the lawns.

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Robot Dog Neo Interferes With IoT Devices

According to a report by 404 Media on 22 July 2024, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has acquired and modified a dog-like robot called NEO. This robot, equipped with an antenna array, can overload home networks to disable Internet of Things (IoT) devices during law enforcement operations. Benjamine Huffman, director of the Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers (FLETC), revealed the details at the 2024 Border Security Expo. NEO, a modified version of Ghost Robotics’ Vision 60 quadruped unmanned ground vehicle (Q-UGV), helps disable potentially dangerous smart home devices that could be used as booby traps. This development follows an incident in 2021 in which a suspect used a doorbell camera to spy on FBI agents and shot at them, killing two agents. The DHS has also created the ‘FLETC Smart House’ to train officers on how to deal with IoT devices that could be used against them. Robotic pets are becoming increasingly popular with homeland security agencies and police forces. Boston Dynamics’ Spot is used on patrols in New York City and Germany.

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Please be Kind to Boo Boo

Prof. Dr. Oliver Bendel’s privately funded Social Robots Lab has been home to the “Cupboo AI Robotic Pet” since July 2024. It goes by the name Boo Boo (also BooBoo). It was brought to the lab by power user and Cupboo ambassador Julia Rehling. Genmoor writes on its website: “Boo Boo is not just a toy. It is also the king of the planet Lonely …” (Genmoor website). According to the manufacturer, Boo Boo’s movements are made possible by a complex control system. “Therefore please be kind to Boo Boo, it is not an ordinary robotic pet. It could give you different responds according to your interaction.” (Genmoor website) Other robots and figures in the Social Robots Lab are Unitree Go2, Alpha Mini, Cozmo, Vector, Furby, Tamagotchi, Hugvie, and HUGGIE. NAO and Pepper visit from time to time. The Genmoor Group claims to be an “exclusive group for daring futurists who love tech-psychology” (Genmoor website). The company was founded in Hangzhou (China) in 2020.

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When Animals Meet Machines

The manuscript of the book “Non-Human Animals, Ethics and Engineering” (alternative title “Animals, Ethics and Engineering”) was sent to the publisher Jenny Stanford in May 2024. It contains 16 chapters on this topic, including by Clara Mancini (“Animal-Centered Technology and Sustainable Development”), Fiona French (“Designing and Crafting Systems for Non-Human Animals”), and Leonie Bossert together with Thilo Hagendorff (“Animals and AI: The Role of Animals in AI Research and Application”). In “An Investigation into the Encounter Between Social Robots and Animals” (Chapter 12), Oliver Bendel “delves into the evolving landscape of social robots designed to interact with animals, dissecting the intricate dynamics of these interactions and their ethical ramifications” (Information from the editors). The philosopher of technology also presents his own projects, such as concepts and prototypes of animal-friendly machines, developed in the context of machine ethics, animal-machine interaction, and social robotics. The editors are Rosalyn W. Berne and Madeline A. Kibler from the University of Virginia. The book is scheduled for publication in late summer or fall 2024.

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A Robot Park in Switzerland

Robotics is booming, thanks in part to AI. Dozens of quadrupeds and bipeds are available, as well as numerous other social and service robots. After presenting the idea of a robot park several times since 2020, Prof. Dr. Oliver Bendel initiated the project “A Robot Park for Switzerland” in March 2024. The purpose of a robot park is to educate the public. Everyone should have the opportunity to interact and communicate with robots and to make up his or her own mind about them. The kick-off meeting took place at the School of Business FHNW on March 22, 2024. BIT student Susmy Chakkaith could be won over. She is developing a concept with maps and other visualizations. The robot park is to be located in Switzerland and will include 100-200 robots, both industrial and service robots. Social robots and four- and two-legged friends will play a special role. It will be based on an amusement park or a zoo. Technical, economic, and ethical aspects will play a role. In particular, the concept should convincingly demonstrate how procurement, operation, maintenance, repair, etc. can be guaranteed, not least for models from China or Japan. The entire infrastructure, including network connectivity, cloud computing, power supply, etc., is also relevant. A business model will be outlined and evaluated. The results will be available in August 2024 and will be made available to the public.

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A New Inhabitant in the SRL

Prof. Dr. Oliver Bendel’s privately funded Social Robots Lab (SRL) has been home to the Unitree Go2 since December 2023. It goes by the name Bao (Chinese for “jewel” or “treasure”). Heise writes in an article: “The basic model of the Go2 is equipped with a lidar on the head, which has a hemispherical field of view of 90 degrees vertically and 360 degrees horizontally. The minimum range of the lidar is around 5 cm. This enables the robot to navigate independently in the terrain, recognize obstacles and also avoid them. The robot runs at a speed of up to 2.5 m/s and is extremely agile. … A 2-megapixel camera is also on board, which can be used to take snapshots and videos.” (Heise News, July 27, 2023; own translation) The information systems specialist and technology philosopher is keen to make progress in the field of animal-machine interaction. He defined this field of work in 2013 in his article “Considerations about the Relationship between Animal and Machine Ethics“, based on the concept of animal-computer interaction pioneered by Clara Mancini. Since then, he has developed several artifacts and concepts in this area, including Robocar (modeling for animal-friendly cars), LADYBIRD (prototype of an insect-friendly vacuum cleaner robot), HAPPY HEDGEHOG (prototype of a hedgehog-friendly vacuum cleaner robot), and ANIFACE (concept for a system with facial recognition to identify brown bears). Bao will be used to test the reactions of domestic, farm, and wild animals. The aim is to make robots not only human-friendly, but also animal-friendly (Photo: Frank Graef).

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Little, Great Teacher

July 14, 2023 was the final presentation of the “Little Teacher” project, in which Alpha Mini plays a leading role. The initiator was Prof. Dr. Oliver Bendel, who has been researching conversational agents and social robots for a quarter of a century. Andrin Allemann contributed to the project as part of his thesis and carried out the implementation. In this application, Alpha Mini is intended for school or learning in a child’s room. It was connected to a tablet or laptop (a Microsoft Surface). It can teach simple learning material on geography and biology with the help of pictures and text on the display, and motivate children through verbal, gestural, and mimic feedback. It is therefore a small teacher with great possibilities. Alpha Mini is a social robot characterized by small size (and thus good transportability) and extensive natural language and motor skills. It is much less expensive than other humanoid robots with comparable capabilities. However, unlike Pepper, it does not have an integrated tablet. The project showed that it is possible to connect different components of a learning environment and to support learning success and learning enjoyment. The project was launched on March 8, 2023. Project completion is August 11, 2023. Until then, minor bugs will be fixed and several tests will be performed. The results will be published in a paper.

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The Rise of the Humanoid Robots

If a report in Wired is to be believed, humanoid robotics has entered a decisive phase. The editor describes the case of Figure AI. This company from Sunnyvale, CA is building a humanoid robot for warehouse work and recently announced $70 million in investment funding. Chief Technology Officer Jerry Pratt is one of the key figures. “Pratt says his company’s robot is taking its first steps around a mocked-up warehouse in Sunnyvale, California. Brett Adcock, Figure’s CEO, reckons it should be possible to build humanoids at the same cost of making a car, providing there is enough demand to ramp up production.” (Wired, 25 May 2023) According to Wired, Figure AI is not the only company betting that humanoid robots are maturing. “Others include 1X, Apptronik, and Tesla.” (Wired, 25 May 2023) Tesla’s Optimus recently made an appearance on stage that was much more convincing than the first. By the way, it looks similar to the Figure AI model. Improvements in the robots can be seen in motor skills, but also in perception and control. Language models like PaLM-E could play an important role here in the future.

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Bar Robots for Well-being of Guests

From March 27-29, 2023, the AAAI 2023 Spring Symposia will feature the symposium “Socially Responsible AI for Well-being” by Takashi Kido (Teikyo University, Japan) and Keiki Takadama (The University of Electro-Communications, Japan). The venue is usually Stanford University. For staffing reasons, this year the conference will be held at the Hyatt Regency in San Francisco. On March 28, Prof. Dr. Oliver Bendel and Lea Peier will present their paper “How Can Bar Robots Enhance the Well-being of Guests?”. From the abstract: “This paper addresses the question of how bar robots can contribute to the well-being of guests. It first develops the basics of service robots and social robots. It gives a brief overview of which gastronomy robots are on the market. It then presents examples of bar robots and describes two models used in Switzerland. A research project at the School of Business FHNW collected empirical data on them, which is used for this article. The authors then discuss how the robots could be improved to increase the well-being of customers and guests and better address their individual wishes and requirements. Artificial intelligence can play an important role in this. Finally, ethical and social problems in the use of bar robots are discussed and possible solutions are suggested to counter these.” More Information via aaai.org/conference/spring-symposia/sss23/.